Sewer and drain tile



(No Model.)

G. J. M. PORTER.

SEWER AND DRAIN TILE.

Pate nted Ja,n.9, 1883.

INVENTOR 744 VMZWQ WITNESSES NHED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE J. M. PORTER, OE PRINCETON, ILLINOIS.

SEWER AND DRAIN TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,476, dated January 9, 1883.

Application tiled May 18, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE J. M. PORTER,

' of Princeton,in the countyofBureau and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sewer and Drain Tiles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a t'nll, clear, and exact description of my invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to sewer and drain tile of improved construction, the object being to provide a tile or tiles for surface or subsoil drainage or sewerage which shall be welladapted for such purposes in diEerent localities and under varying conditions of use; and to this end it consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a couple of sections of the sewer and drain tile of myinvention, showing the interlocking lap-joints. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation on the line a as, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a top perspective view, showing the form of the lower or bottom tile-section. Fig. 4 is a top perspective view of the cover or upper tile-section as removed from the lower section of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a per spective view of a series of interlocking tiles as laid to form a covered sewer or drain.

A represents the lower tile-section, here shown as of semi-cylindrical form, except at a portion, B, which is bowed over the main body of the tile, forming a band or half-ring, as in Fig. 3.

0 represents the upper tile-section, in this instance also of semi-cylindrical form. and provided with ledges D at its side edges, to rest upon the upper edges, E, of the lower tile-sections, A, as in Fig. 2. The external shape of the ends of tiles U, projecting past the ends of the ledges D, corresponds with the internal curvature or form of the half-ring or band B, so that the tile 0, resting on edges E of the tile A, may he slid into band or ring B about half'the width of the band, the other end of tile 0 projecting over the end of the first bottom tile A for insertion half-way into the band B of the next tile A, as in Fig. 1, and so on for any desired length of sewer or drain.

It is evident that the lower tiles, A, may be formed with continuous or broken ribs or projections E, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2,) to substitute the outside ledges,D, to support an upper tile, 0, of unbroken semi-cylindrical i'ortn throughout; or, in other words, the tiles 0, not having flanges D, will conform for their whole length on their outer surface to the in-- ternal shape of the band B, a'nd in some instances this construction will be preferred, as a continuous line of upper tiles, 0, maythus he slid through the bands B of a line of lower tiles, A, aflording greaterfacilities for clearing the drain, at any point or for its entire length, of obstructing sedimentary matters. The tiles mayalso be easily separated for cleaning purposes.

As shown in the drawings. the bands'B are formed at theend of the lower tile, A,and when both upper and lower tiles are adjusted, as in Fig. 1, with the ends of tiles O abutting each other at the center of band B, the end joints of tiles A and U will be broken, staggered, or interlocked for a length equaling half the width of the band; but it is evident that the band B, of any desired width, may-spring from the edges E of the lower tiles, A, at the center of the length of the tiles or at any other desired point of their length. When the bands B are thus centrally placed the joints of the upper and lower tiles will be interlocked by the bands for half the length of the tiles, affording greatly-increased security against disengagement of the tiles fromv each other and effective resistance of the line of tiles against the pressure of the earth or lateral or other strains while ,being laid, or afterward by the settling of the ground or from other cause.

Tiles A with centrally-placed bands are es-. pecially adapted for use with upper tile-sections, 0, semi-cylindrical in form throughout, and resting onledges E of the lower tiles, A, as above described, as this arrangement combines greatest overlap or interlock of thejoints with increased facility in laying, repairing, or cleaning the tiles. I

With the tiles A and Gfornied respectively with band B at the end and ledges D at the 7 bands B at the ends of the upper tiles, G, at-

I edges or flanges D in contact and with the sides, a line of tiles forming a sewer or drain would present the appearance of Fig. 5, the ends of tiles A abutting each other below, the ends of tiles 0 within band B abutting each other or not, as desired, and the ends of side supporting-flanges,D,in contactwiththebands B. The lower end joints of the tiles A may, if desired, be closed by cement or other suitable packing to form a better liquid-conduit.

The longitudinal edge joints of the upper with the lower tiles at D E and around the ford i'ree entrance to the tile drain of theoverplus of water from the soil, to favor the growth of vegetation in marshy and flooded or other lands, and to dispose of excess of surface-water from heavy rains.

Either the tiles A or 0 may be separately used, end to end, to form uncovered drains, if desired, in which cases, however, the interlockingjoints incident to theirjoint use in the covered sewer or drain, above described, are not secured. The tiles A C may also be laid in successive pairs of each to form a covered sewer or drain, the tiles (2 being laid with their pairs abutting each other at the ends, and when tiles A are so used they will be laid with their edges E in contact and with the inner ends of half-bands B abutting the ends of the body of the tiles at the upper and lower half of each pair. and the successive pairs of tiles abutting each other at the bands 1?), as will be readily understood.

Although the tiles shown in the drawings are, aside from bands 13, of general semi-cylindrical form, it is evident that the tiles may be formed in half-sections, which, when laid, shall constitute a sewer or drain of square, hexagonal, octagonal, oval, or other cross-section, the band B of the lower tile being formed in any case to admit the upper tile within it to support the interlocked joints of the tiles, as above described.

My improved tiles may be made of any suitable length or material, and when used for sewage purposes the joints may be readily plugged or sealed, and when used for drainage purposes it is believed that theypossess material 'advantages over other tiles in case of laying, strength when laid, and by reason of extended length ot'joints through which surface or subsoil waters may enter them afford a quicker and more effective drainage of the soil.

I am aware that a drain-pipe com posed of a series of sectionsunited by a conplingand each section divided longitudinally into an upper and lower portion has heretofore been employed; and 1am also aware that drain -pip es have been provided with man-holes,and I therefore lay no claim to such inventions.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A pipe consisting of a series of lower tile-sections, each open at the top, and provided with a half-band at one end, made integral therewith, said sections being, adapted to receive a cover or top tile having its ends fitting, under the half-bands of two adjoining lower tile-sections, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination, with the lower ttle-sections, A, open at their tops, and each having a halt-ring", B, at one end, made integral with the lower section,ot' the upper tile section, 0, formed externally at its ends to fit under the h al firings, and provided with ledges D, of less length than the sides of the tile U, substantially as herein shown and described.

GEORGE J. M. PORTER.

Witnesses:

OTIS F. Pou'rnn, D. H. HARRINGTON. 

